A Review Of Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) Literature Using Bibliometric Comparisons: Topical Bibliographies and Online Databases
The purpose of this review is to present a brief overview of literature published through 2016 on the Burrowing Owl (BUOW; Athene cunicularia) as an example of how the science of bibliometrics allows us to examine the literature on this species and to determine and display important trends, including gaps in that literature. We conducted various analyses on approximately 1681 BUOW articles to demonstrate the utility of bibliometrics. We also compare the effectiveness of a traditional bibliography versus online databases. The query of even several online databases does not guarantee identifying but a fraction of the total references. Even the most complete database searched for the term “Athene cunicularia” produced only 38% of those of the current World Owl Bibliography Update. Topical areas that seem absent or limited in the published literature include: the genetics of many subspecies of this owl; the population status and trend in intact ecosystems versus human-altered habitats; details on the demography of Burrowing Owls in Central and South America; migratory patterns and overwintering habitat conditions; the dispersal and movement of several metapopulations; successful mitigation strategies; the effectiveness of translocation; the effect of various artificial burrow designs on interior microclimate and owl reproductive success; and a more comprehensive approach to management. This is an ongoing project that will contribute to a larger update of the literature on the owls of the world. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una breve reseña de la literatura publicada hasta el año 2016 sobre Athene cunicularia. La ciencia de la bibliometría permite analizar la literatura sobre esta especie y mostrar tendencias sobre cualquier aspecto de interés, incluyendo los huecos de información. Realizamos diversos análisis bibliométricos en aproximadamente 1681 artículos sobre A. cunicularia para demostrar la utilidad de la bibliometría. También comparamos la efectividad de la bibliografía tradicional frente a las bases de datos publicadas en línea. La búsqueda en numerosas bases de datos en línea no garantiza la identificación de apenas una fracción de las referencias totales. Incluso la búsqueda del término “Athene cunicularia” en la base de datos más completa resultó en solo el 38% de la bibliografía publicada en la Actualización de la Bibliografía Mundial de Búhos. Las temáticas o temas que parecen ausentes o limitados en la literatura publicada incluyen: la genética de muchas subespecies de este búho; el estatus poblacional y su tendencia en ecosistemas intactos frente a hábitats alterados por el hombre; detalles sobre la demografía de A. cunicularia en América Central y del Sur; los patrones migratorios y las condiciones de hábitat en las zonas de invernada; la dispersión y el movimiento de metapoblaciones de esta especie; las estrategias de mitigación exitosas; la eficacia de la translocación; el impacto de varios diseños de madrigueras artificiales en el microclima interior y en el éxito reproductivo del búho, y un enfoque más completo sobre el manejo. Este es un proyecto de investigación en curso que contribuirá a una mayor actualización de la literatura sobre los búhos del mundo. [Traducción de los autores editada]Abstract
Resumen

Publications on the Burrowing Owl (BUOW) by year for the two scientific names, Speotyto cunicularia (White bars, n = 241) and Athene cunicularia (Black bars, n = 2231). To improve readability of the graph, we include only publications dated 1822–2016, although the earliest reference for BUOW was dated 1714.

Categories of Information (COI) of articles on Burrowing Owls included in the two earlier bibliographies: Millsap et al. 1997 (black bars) and Clark et al. 1978 (WOB; white bars).

Efficiency of various online databases searched for “Athene cunicularia (Atcu) and “Burrowing Owl” (BUOW), by number of references returned and percentage of the total references (n = 2308) in the World Owl Bibliography Update (WOB). (A) Databases that returned ≥100 references, and (B) databases that returned <100 references. Key for databases: WWS = WorldWideScience, JSt = JStor; Sc.g = Science.gov; GRN = GRIN; BiO = BioOne; WOL = Wiley Online Library; ASC = Academic Search Complete; ScD = ScienceDirect; BAS = BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine); SpL = SpringerLink; Jur = JURN; Epm = Europe PMC; AGR = AGRIS; Agr = Agricola; MFT = MEDLINE With Full Text; PIO = PloSOne; GrF = GreenFILE; InC = IngentaConnect; ScO = SciELO; DOJ = DOAJ; Pin = PsyclNFO; Nat = Nature; SORA = Searchable Ornithological Research Archive.

Number of references on Athene cunicularia in the Science.gov (n = 509) versus the WOB (n = 1459) databases for the period 1981 (the year the US Department of Energy formed Science.gov) through 2016.

Number of references on Athene (=Speotyto) cunicularia by publication date (tallied by decade) from Millsap et al. 1997 and the WOB (this study).

Number of references on Athene (= Speotyto) cunicularia by state within the US from (A) Millsap et al 1997 (n = 613) and (B) WOB (this study; n = 1142). Key for abbreviations: WA = Washington, CA = California, FL = Florida, ID = Idaho, OR = Oregon, CO = Colorado, SD = South Dakota, ND = North Dakota, IA = Iowa, OK= Oklahoma, UT = Utah, MT = Montana, TX = Texas, MN = Minnesota, NE = Nebraska, WI = Wisconsin, NM = New Mexico, IN = Indiana, KS = Kansas, MO = Missouri, WY = Wyoming, OT = Other (Including: IL = Illinois, 6; MD = Maryland, 4; PA= Pennsylvania, 4; NY= New York, 3; AR = Arkansas, 2; OH = Ohio, 2; VA = Virginia, 2; LA = Louisiana, 1; MA = Massachusetts, 1; NC = North Carolina, 1; NJ = New Jersey, 1.)

Number of references on Athene (=Speotyto) cunicularia reporting research in Central and South American countries/regions from Millsap et al. 1997 (n = 55) and WOB (this study; n = 258). The WI * (West Indies) excludes Cuba, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, which are reported separately.

Number of theses and dissertations (n = 193) wholly or partially about Athene (=Speotyto) cunicularia, reflecting the research conducted within academic institutions. Years with zero publications are not represented on the map.

Countries of origin of theses and/or dissertations (total n = 193) dealing with Athene (=Speotyto) cunicularia.
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