Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: 22 Jul 2020

Discovery of a Novel mtDNA Sequence in the Eastern Buzzard (Buteo japonicus) in Japan

,
, and
Page Range: 287 – 294
DOI: 10.3356/0892-1016-54.3.287
Save
Download PDF

Abstract.

In recent years, several phylogenetic studies on the genus Buteo have been conducted. However, little is known about the lineage of the Eastern Buzzard (Buteo japonicus). We sequenced 919-bp fragments of mtDNA from 45 Eastern Buzzards from Japan and compared them with the sequences of the genus Buteo registered in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases. ND6 and pseudo control region phylogenetic analyses were performed on 15 and 35 specimens in the database, respectively. All 45 Eastern Buzzards from Japan possessed the same novel sequence in the ND6 gene, which differed in four base pairs from sequences previously reported for the Eastern Buzzard from continental Asia. Phylogenetic analysis of the ND6 gene showed that Japanese birds with the novel sequence did not form a clade with those from continental Asia with the previously reported sequences; instead, the continental Eastern Buzzard formed a clade with Himalayan Buzzards (Buteo refectus). A phylogenetic tree constructed using pseudo control region sequences showed that Eastern Buzzards were divided into two groups: one containing the Himalayan Buzzard, and one containing birds with the novel sequence. Our results suggested that the novel sequence revealed in this study is a geographic variant that may represent the “true” Eastern Buzzard, and that the previously reported sequence (from continental Asia) is that of the Himalayan Buzzard. We suggest that it is necessary to examine the habitats and characteristics of Eastern and Himalayan Buzzards in eastern Eurasia to more accurately classify these birds.

Resumen.

Hallazgo de una Nueva Secuencia de ADNmt en Buteo japonicus del Japón

En años recientes se han llevado a cabo numerosos estudios filogenéticos sobre el género Buteo. Sin embargo, nuestro conocimiento sobre el linaje de Buteo japonicus es escaso. Secuenciamos 919 fragmentos de pares de bases de ADNmt de 45 individuos de B. japonicus provenientes de Japón y los comparamos con las secuencias del género Buteo registradas en las bases de datos DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank. Los análisis filogenéticos de ND6 y de la región de pseudocontrol fueron realizados en 15 y 35 especímenes de la base de datos, respectivamente. Los 45 individuos de Japón tuvieron la misma secuencia nueva en el gen ND6, que difiere en cuatro pares de bases cuando se lo compara con las secuencias previamente reportadas para B. japonicus provenientes de Asia continental. El análisis filogenético del gen ND6 mostró que las aves de Japón (con la secuencia nueva) no formaron un clado con aquellas de Asia continental (con las secuencias previamente reportadas); en cambio, los individuos continentales de B. japonicus formaron un clado con B. refectus. Un árbol filogenético construido usando las secuencias de la región de pseudocontrol mostró que los individuos de B. japonicus fueron divididos en dos grupos: uno que incluye a B. refectus y uno que incluye a las aves con la secuencia nueva. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la secuencia nueva descubierta en este estudio es una variación geográfica que puede representar el “verdadero” B. japonicus, y que la secuencia previamente reportada es la de B. refectus. Sugerimos que es necesario examinar los hábitats y las características de B. japonicus y de B. refectus en el este de Eurasia para clasificar con mayor precisión a estas aves.

[Traducción del equipo editorial]

Copyright: © 2020 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. 2020
excel
excel
excel
excel
Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Phylogenetic tree constructed with 493 bp of the ND6 using the ML method. Bootstrap values were calculated from 1000 replicates and are indicated at the branches (>50%). The sequence determined in this study is shaded.


Figure 2.
Figure 2.

TCS network tree of 493 bp of the ND6. Open dots on the lines joining haplotypes indicate intermediate haplotypes not found in this study. Scientific names are shown between and at the edges of the bars.


Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Phylogenetic tree constructed with tRNA-Glu and pseudo CR. The tree was constructed with Eastern Buzzard, Himalayan Buzzard, and various Buteo species using the ML method. Bootstrap values were calculated from 1000 replicates and indicated at the branches (> 50%). The sequence determined in this study is shaded. JPN indicates Japan, RUS indicates Russia and CHN indicates China.


Figure 4.
Figure 4.

TCS network tree of the 34 bp of tRNA-Glu and 201 bp of pseudo CR. The Eastern Buzzard and the Himalayan Buzzard groups are surrounded by lines.


Contributor Notes

1 Email address: nagai@iwate-u.ac.jp

Associate Editor: Christopher W. Briggs

Received: 03 Sept 2019
Accepted: 07 Feb 2020
  • Download PDF